对马克思《死刑》文本解读,有论者从马克思刑罚观、犯罪对策观等方面推断马克思持守彻底的废除死刑立场。然而,通过《死刑》研读表明:马克思始终将死刑公正、适宜与否的问题与死刑废除问题适度分离,而且《死刑》亦蕴含死刑公正、适宜与否有赖刑罚理论能否提供正当根据之法理;从马克思犯罪对策观推断马克思死刑观或是对《死刑》的误读,或是不合逻辑。易言之,马克思持守彻底的废除死刑立场之判断没有根据。 On Marx’s “death penalty” interpretation of the text, some critics from Marx’s concept of punishment, the concept of criminal response infer Marx’s total abolition of the death penalty position. However, through the study of “death penalty”, it shows that: Marx has always properly separated the issue of justice and suitability of death penalty from the abolition of death penalty, and “death penalty” also contains the fairness of death penalty, depending on whether punishment theory can provide justified basis; It is illogical or inconsequential to deduce Marx’s concept of death penalty from Marx’s crime countermeasure concept or to misread the death penalty. In short, Marx bases his judgment on abolishing the death penalty completely unfounded.