扩大后的欧洲共同体即1974年～1981年期间,贸易保护主义普遍上升,这导致了两个主要后果:其一是使欧洲共同体本身保护水平的提高,这主要是通过非关税机制(它可以变成等同于关税的东西),它也可以理解为是共同的外部关税的提高;另一后果(也许是最为重要的)是有关世界其它地方(特别是经合组织的其它国家)保护主义的增强。后一种现象,可视为世界其它国家对关税同盟进行的报复;他们或是加强自己的保 The expanded European Community, which saw a general rise in trade protectionism between 1974 and 1981, led to two major consequences: one was to raise the level of protection of the European Community itself, mainly through non-tariff mechanisms (which could be changed Equivalent to tariffs), it can also be understood as a common external tariff increase; another, perhaps most importantly, is the increase in protectionism about the rest of the world, especially the OECD . The latter phenomenon can be regarded as a retaliation for the Customs Union by the rest of the world; they may either reinforce their own protection