鲁迅与沈从文是中国现代文学史上的乡土小说大师,在乡土小说中有着举足轻重的地位。由于他们对乡土意义理解的差异,使其乡土小说在中国社会文化背景下呈现出异轨同驰的文学现象。这种因特殊语境而形成的同构性,体现为风云激荡的社会文化语境和共同的话语背景;而鲁迅与沈从文乡土小说的异质性,主要体现在对国民性的解构与建构和艺术风格上写实与写意。 Lu Xun and Shen Congwen, the master of local novels in the history of Chinese modern literature, play a decisive role in the local novels. Because of their differences in comprehension of the local meaning, the local novels show the phenomenon of literary differences with the same trend in the Chinese social and cultural background. This isomorphism formed by the special context is reflected in the turbulent social and cultural context and common discourse background. The heterogeneity of Lu Xun and Shen Congwen’s native novels mainly manifests in the deconstruction and construction of national character and Artistic style of realistic and freehand.