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目的分析血型实验室的输血检验影响因素及质量控制方法。方法选取2015年1月~2016年10月200例本院收治需要输血的患者作为观察对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组100例。采集两组患者的血液标本,观察组采取血型实验室质量控制措施,对照组则实施常规管理措施。观察两组患者输血安全事故发生率。结果经过单因素分析法发现,样本采集不科学、管理不妥、输送方式不当、检验人员的专业水平不高等因素是影响输血检验结果的重要因素,例如样本采集时没有放置抗凝剂、配血试验使用标本的采集时间超过3d、血液标本发生溶血现象、血清与血球的比重不对、定型操作有误等。观察组与对照组的输血安全事件发生率为3.0%和12.0%,两组间的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论样本采集不科学、管理不妥、输送方式不当、检验人员的专业水平不高等因素是影响输血检验结果的重要因素;通过有效的质量控制措施能够有效降低输血安全事件发生率,保障患者的切实利益。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors and quality control methods of transfusion test in blood type laboratory. Methods From January 2015 to October 2016, 200 patients admitted to our hospital who needed blood transfusion were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 100 cases in each group. Two groups of patients were collected blood samples, the observation group to take blood type laboratory quality control measures, while the control group to implement conventional management measures. The incidence of transfusion safety accidents was observed in two groups. Results After univariate analysis, the sample collection unscientific, improper management, improper delivery methods, the professional level of the examiner is not high factors affect the blood test results of the important factors, such as the sample collection did not place anticoagulants, with blood Test specimens collected more than 3d, hemolysis occurs in the blood specimen, serum and blood not the same proportion, the wrong shape and operation. The incidence of transfusion safety events in observation group and control group was 3.0% and 12.0%, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). Conclusion The unscientific sample collection, improper management, improper delivery method and low professional level of inspectors are the important factors affecting the blood transfusion test results. Effective quality control measures can effectively reduce the incidence of transfusion safety incidents and ensure the patient’s effectiveness interest.