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目的 评价双侧隐睾手术患儿的生育能力,探讨影响手术远期效果的相关因素,为双侧隐睾全面有效的治疗提供依据.方法 随访1987年至2003年在我院行进行手术治疗且目前已年满18周岁的46例双侧隐睾患儿,检测其精液常规,所得结果进行统计学分析.结果 总计有18例(39.1%)具有生育能力.按手术年龄分组:12岁组1例(20%).根据双侧隐睾的解剖位置分组:高位组1例(25%)具有生育能力,中位组9例(30%),低位组8例(66.6%).根据术中所见睾丸的发育情况分组:轻度发育不良组12例(66.6%),中度发育不良组6例(27.2%),重度发育不良组均不具有生育能力.根据术中能否将睾丸无张力放置在阴囊内分组:无张力组15例(51.7%),张力组3例(17.6%).结论 双侧隐睾生育能力受多重冈素共同作用,手术后的生育率仍较低,也无法做到准确预测,但是规范的治疗和细致的操作的确能明显改善双侧隐睾患儿的预后.“,”Objective To analyze the factors influencing fertility capacity of the patients underwent surgical treatment for bilateral cryptorchidism.Methods Fertility capacity was determined by semen detection test on the 46 patients with bilateral cryptorchidism at this center between 1987 and 2003.All of the patients were older than 18 years when this study was done.Results Of the 46 patients, 18 (39.1%) had fertility capacity, including 6 (6/12, 50%) underwent surgery less than 2 years, 6 (6/10, 60%) between 2 to 5 years, 5 (5/19, 26.3%) between age of 6 to 12 years, and 1(1/5, 20%) older than 12 years.According to the location of testis at operation, the 18 patients with fertility capacity were grouped into high (1/4, 25%), median (9/30, 30%) and low group (8/12,66.6%).Twelve patients (12/18, 66.6%) had mild abnormal testicular development at the time when the surgery was performed, and 6 (6/22, 27.2%) had medium abnormal testicular development.Of the 18 patients had fertility capacity, 15 (15/29, 51.7%) had free tension on the spermatic cord during surgery, and the other 3 (3/17, 17.6 %) had spermatic cord tension.Conclusions Many factors affect fertility capacity of the patients underwent surgery for bilateral cryptorchidism.The postoperative fertility rate is low and unpredictable in patients with bilateral cryptorchidism.Proper individual-based treatments can significantly improve the prognosis.