为了解中国加强扩大免疫规划项目省的基层计划免疫服务现状 ,在西部 5个省 (自治区 ,下同 )采用多阶段随机抽样方法进行了调查。根据基线调查数据 ,对 5个省的预防接种安全注射现状及其影响因素进行了分析。结果显示 :在 5个省调查的接种点中 ,完全使用一次性注射器的占 2 6 1 % ,完全使用玻璃注射器的占 2 7 5 % ,两者兼用的占 46 4%。一次性注射器的使用中能做到“一人一针一管”注射方式的占 92 2 % ,使用玻璃注射器能做到“一人一针一管”注射方式的占 52 5 %。有高压蒸汽灭菌器的接种点 ,乡 (镇 )卫生院和村卫生室使用的分别占 77 0 %、77 8% ,仍分别有 9 7%～ 1 2 4%和 2 0 4%～ 2 3 1 %使用热水冲洗或浸泡和酒精棉擦拭的方式进行灭菌。对于预防接种技术正确掌握率为 70 9%～ 76 4%。建议加强安全注射和灭菌知识的培训 ,推广使用自毁型一次性注射器 ,加强监督 ,防止医源性感染 ,切实保证预防接种和医疗注射的安全 In order to understand the status quo of strengthening the immunization services for grassroots programs in China’s immunization program provinces, a survey was conducted in five western provinces (autonomous regions and the same below) using a multistage randomized sampling method. According to the baseline survey data, the current status of safe vaccination in five provinces and its influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that of the 5 inoculated vaccination sites, totally 261% were disposable syringes, totally 257% were glass syringes and 464% were both. The use of disposable syringes can achieve “one person, one tube and one tube” injection method, accounting for 92.2%. The use of glass syringes can achieve “one person, one tube and one tube” injection method, accounting for 52.5%. There were 77.0% and 77.8% respectively of vaccination sites with high-pressure steam sterilizer, township (town) hospitals and village clinics, with 9 7% -1 224% and 20 4% -2 respectively 3 1% Sterilize using hot water or by soaking and wiping with alcohol. The correct rate of vaccination was 70.9% ~ 76.4%. It is recommended to strengthen the training of safety injection and sterilization knowledge, promote the use of self-destruction disposable syringes, strengthen supervision and prevent iatrogenic infection, and effectively ensure the safety of vaccinations and medical injections