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现代西方哲学一个重要的特点,在于将语言提升到非常重要的位置,各个哲学流派都很重视对语言的哲学考察,把语言哲学看作其他哲学学科的基础。同样地,作为德国古典哲学的奠基人,康德对后世的影响是重大的,康德哲学在西方哲学史上起着“承前启后”的作用。康德在其学说中认为语言更多地只属于人的知性能力引导下的人的产物,是次一级的,而不是与人的理性、知性、感性能力一样被当作一种原初的能力。本文尝试发掘康德的语言观,并从康德语言哲学与当代语言哲学的离散与交互这个角度进行解读康德语言哲学的强大生命力,希望能对欧洲大陆的语言哲学研究有所启发和裨益。
One of the important features of modern western philosophy lies in promoting language to a very important position. Various philosophical schools attach great importance to the philosophical investigation of language and regard language philosophy as the basis of other philosophical disciplines. Similarly, as the founder of German classical philosophy, Kant’s influence on future generations is significant. Kant’s philosophy plays a “precondition” role in the history of western philosophy. In his doctrine, Kant argues that language belongs more to the product of human beings guided by the intellectual ability of the human being, which is inferior than the rational, intellectual, sensual ability of man as an original ability. This paper attempts to explore Kant’s view of language, and interprets the strong vitality of Kant’s philosophy of language from the perspective of the separation and interaction of Kant’s philosophy of language and contemporary philosophy of language. It hopes to inspire and benefit the philosophical study of European continent.