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目的经SD大鼠眶下孔注射炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)以制造一种新型的大鼠三叉神经痛(TGN)模型。方法将大鼠随机分为4组,即生理盐水组(NS组)、TNF-α组、IL-1β组、TNF-α+IL-1β组;各组分别于大鼠眶下孔注射等量的生理盐水和TNF-α或IL-1β。观察并比较注射后不同时段各组大鼠注射侧触须垫机械痛阈、自发行为学改变以及电镜观察组织改变。结果从注射后3 d至注射后8周,各炎症因子注射组大鼠均出现注射侧触须垫痛觉过敏及搔抓面部次数增多,同NS组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);各炎症因子注射组间差异无统计学意义。各炎症因子注射组大鼠眶下神经及三叉神经节均出现不同程度的脱髓鞘改变,而NS组大鼠则无脱髓鞘现象。结论利用炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β经大鼠眶下孔注射,可使大鼠产生类似TGN症状和病理学变化,该TGN模型更接近于临床且造模方法简便。
OBJECTIVE: To create a novel rat model of trigeminal neuralgia (TGN) by injecting inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β into the infraorbital foramen of SD rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: NS group, TNF-α group, IL-1β group and TNF-α + IL-1β group. Rats in each group were injected suborbital foramen Saline and TNF-α or IL-1β. The mechanical pain thresholds, spontaneous behavioral changes and histological changes of the rats were observed and compared at different time points after injection. Results From 3 days after injection to 8 weeks after injection, all rats injected with inflammatory cytokines showed hyperalgesia and scratching of the facial parts of rats with hyperalgesia. Compared with the NS group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) There was no significant difference between the groups injected with inflammatory cytokines. Inflammatory factor injection group rats infraorbital nerve and trigeminal ganglion showed varying degrees of demyelination changes, while the NS group, no demyelination phenomenon. Conclusions The injection of INF-1 and IL-1β into the infraorbital foramen in rats can produce symptoms and pathological changes similar to those of TGN. The TGN model is closer to the clinic and the modeling method is simple.