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利用45个表型性状和SRAP标记分析56个切花菊品种的遗传多样性。表型变异分析结果表明:21个性状表现出品种内一致性高及品种间特异性强;主成分分析发现,主成分贡献值较大的性状有花序直径、花序类型和瓣型等花部性状,其次是叶部和茎杆性状,说明所选用的切花菊品种在分类时应以花部性状为主,叶部和茎杆性状为辅;表型性状基于遗传距离UPGMA聚类,将56个切花菊品种分为平瓣类、匙瓣类、桂瓣类、匙瓣—平瓣类和管瓣类,聚类结果大致按照花径—瓣型—花型分类。14对SRAP引物组合扩增56个切花菊品种的DNA,共扩增出454条带,其中多态性带423条,占扩增带数的93.17%,多态性含量PIC值在0.72~0.89之间,平均为0.82,说明切花菊品种在分子水平上具有丰富的遗传多样性。基于SRAP标记的UPGMA聚类分析显示:品种间遗传相似系数在0.64~0.97之间,将56个切花菊品种分为平瓣类—匙瓣、桂瓣类和管瓣类,聚类结果大致按照花径—瓣型—花型分类。Mantel检验相关性系数为0.682,两种聚类结果有相似之处,均能很好体现试验切花菊品种间的遗传关系。
The genetic diversity of 56 cut chrysanthemum cultivars was analyzed using 45 phenotypic traits and SRAP markers. The results of phenotypic variance analysis showed that 21 traits showed high intraspecific identity and strong specificity among breeds. Principal component analysis showed that the main components with larger contribution were inflorescence diameter, inflorescence type and petal type , Followed by leaves and stems traits, indicating the selection of cut chrysanthemum varieties should be classified in the main flower traits, leaf and stem traits supplemented; phenotypic traits based on genetic distance UPGMA cluster, 56 Cut chrysanthemum varieties are divided into flat petals, spoon petals, cinnamon petals, spoon petals - flat petals and tube petals, the clustering results are generally in accordance with flower diameter - petal - flower type classification. 14 pairs of SRAP primer combinations amplified 56 cut chrysanthemum species DNA, a total of 454 bands were amplified, of which 423 polymorphic bands, accounting for 93.17% of the number of bands with PIC polymorphism in the range of 0.72 to 0.89 , With an average of 0.82, indicating that cut chrysanthemum varieties have rich genetic diversity at the molecular level. UPGMA clustering analysis based on SRAP markers showed that the genetic similarity coefficients of the cultivars ranged from 0.64 to 0.97. The cut chrysanthemum cultivars were divided into flat petals-key petals, cinnamomum petals and tube petals. The clustering results were generally in accordance with Flower diameter - petal type - flower type classification. Mantel test correlation coefficient of 0.682, two clustering results have similarities, can well reflect the experimental cuttlebone genetic relationship between varieties.