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在地史上,天山位于中轴大陆区西部北侧北亚陆间区中部的南缘,即塔里木一中朝地块(台)以北,乌拉尔一天山一大兴安岭大地槽中部南缘,属于塔里木大陆北侧的陆缘区,即大陆边缘活动带.其发育史非常悠久,于前震旦纪即已出现大陆坡、大陆基和岛弧;古生代强烈而频繁的构造运动,使巨厚的岩层发生褶皱隆起,以致与塔里木大陆连接在一起,形成该大陆边缘的褶皱带.嗣后,由于不同地块或构造带间的相对运动,产生了山间盆地和山前拗陷,并由于褶皱、断裂,使地表和深部的构造变得愈来愈复杂(图1).
In the history of the place, the Tianshan Mountains are located in the southern margin of the middle of the northern Asian continental zone in the north of the central axis continental zone, ie, north of the Tarim-Zhongchao block (station), and the southern edge of the central Daxinganling Trough in the Urals, The northern margin of the continental margin, the continental margin belt, has a long history of development, and continental slopes, continental basins and island arcs have emerged in the Pre-Sinian period. The Paleozoic strong and frequent tectonic movements have led to the occurrence of folds Uplift so as to be connected with the Tarim continent to form fold belts along the margin of the continent, and later mountain basins and piedmont depressions were created due to relative movement between different parcels or structural belts, and due to folds, fractures, Surface and deep structures become more and more complex (Figure 1).