《上海市中小学语文课程标准》指出:“要确立学生在学习中的主体地位,要关注学生已有的经验和兴趣爱好、个性特长等发展特点。”学生是课堂学习的主人,教师的教是为学生的学服务的。要使学生在课堂上真正有所收获,教师就必须关注学生学习的具体情况和特点,包括学生的学习兴趣、学习水平、学习方式、学习习惯、学习进程、学习效果等。奥苏伯尔说过:“影响学习的唯一最重要的因 The ”Standard of Chinese Curriculum in Primary and Middle Schools in Shanghai“ states: ”To establish the dominant position of students in learning, we must pay attention to the development characteristics of the students’ experience, hobbies and interests, personal characteristics, etc. “ Students are the masters of classroom learning, teachers Teaching is for student learning. In order to make students really gain in the classroom, teachers must pay attention to the specific circumstances and characteristics of student learning, including students’ interest in learning, level of learning, learning styles, learning habits, learning process, learning effects and so on. Ausubel once said: ”The single most important cause of learning