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大量资料表明,胎儿血红蛋白(HbF)可减少或防止镰状细胞性贫血(SS)患者红细胞镰状变和溶血。5-氮胞苷能使 SS 患者的 HbF 增至10%～18%,此与其破坏晚期未成熟红细胞的细胞毒作用有关。已证实许多细胞毒药物能改善 SS 患者病情,其中羟基脲容易获得,能够口服,且被认为无致癌作用,因而被用于治疗 SS。
Numerous data show that fetal hemoglobin (HbF) can reduce or prevent red cell sickle-cell disease and hemolysis in patients with sickle-cell anemia (SS). 5-Azacytidine can increase the HbF of SS patients to 10% to 18%, which is related to its destruction of cytotoxicity of late-stage immature erythrocytes. Many cytotoxic drugs have been shown to improve SS patient condition, of which hydroxyurea is readily available, can be administered orally and is believed to be non-carcinogenic and therefore is used to treat SS.