流行性腮腺炎(Epidemic Parotitis,EP)是小儿常见的急性呼吸道传染病,临床上以腮腺的非化脓性肿胀和疼痛为特征,就其局部病变而言良好,但由于腮腺炎病毒对腺体和神经组织的高亲合力可致多系统病变,其中以神经系统的疾病为严重。本文就EP并发的神经系统疾病综述如下。 1 中枢神经系统疾病 1.1 脑膜脑炎:脑膜脑炎是EP最常见的并发症。据文献报道,患者中约4.9％并发脑炎,27％并发脑膜炎。多发生于3～10岁小儿。脑膜脑炎症状的出现,可在腮腺肿胀前、肿胀同时以及肿胀后,多 Epidemic Parotitis (EP), a common acute respiratory infection in children, is clinically characterized by non-suppurative swelling and pain in the parotid gland and is good in terms of its local lesion. However, due to the effects of mumps on glandular and Nerve tissue of the high affinity can cause multiple system diseases, of which the nervous system diseases are serious. This article on the EP concurrent neurological diseases are summarized below. 1 central nervous system diseases 1.1 meningoencephalitis: meningoencephalitis is the most common complication of EP. According to the literature, about 4.9% of patients with concurrent encephalitis, 27% with meningitis. Occur in 3 to 10-year-old children. The appearance of meningoencephalitis symptoms, in the parotid gland swelling, swelling and swelling at the same time, and more