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破碎围岩环境下大断面巷道开挖必然形成大尺度采空区(large scale of mined-out-area,LSMA),其围岩介质的变形与失稳行为及过程很复杂,主要涉及到开采扰动区(excavation dis-turbed zone,EDZ)范围内围岩力学性态及强度劣化特征、顶部岩层非稳态下沉与水平挤压变形耦合作用诱致动力失稳、深层围岩离层演化至局部化冒落失稳等,且其变形从微尺度演化为大尺度(寸)过程具有复杂的非线性特征,这为灾害治理带来挑战。基于现场调查,利用表面变形与深部离层规律综合监测与锚杆(索)力学性态试验及测试,结合室内物理相似模拟和数值模拟试验,深入分析复杂地质条件下松软破碎围岩局部化变形与演化失稳机理,为工程防灾和减灾提供科学依据。
Large-scale mined-out-area (LSMA) is inevitably formed in the excavation of large cross-section tunnels under the condition of broken surrounding rock. The deformation and instability behaviors and processes of the surrounding rock medium are very complicated, mainly related to the mining disturbance The dynamic mechanical properties and the strength deterioration characteristics of the surrounding rock in the area of excavation dis-turbed zone (EDZ), the coupling of the unsteady subsidence and horizontal compression deformation of the top rock formation induces the dynamic instability, and the evolution of the deep surrounding rock from the layer to the localization And so on, and its deformation has a complex non-linear characteristic from microscale to large-scale (in) process, which poses a challenge for disaster management. Based on the field investigation, the comprehensive monitoring of surface delamination and deep delamination regularity and the test of mechanical properties of bolt (cable) were carried out. Combined with the physical analogy and numerical simulation tests in house, the localized deformation of soft broken rock mass was analyzed in detail And the mechanism of evolutionary instability, providing a scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation.