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广州市 1990～ 2 0 0 0年职业卫生技术服务工作 ,主要是经常性监督、检测和定期职业性体检 ,在此基础上 ,还建立了职业健康监护系统。如为 2 686家企业建立职业卫生档案 ,为 42 4843名工人及 3 65 5 97名机动车驾驶员建立了职业健康档案 ,建立了部分数据库 ,开展了一些追踪研究。通过对 965家乡镇企业和 768家“三资”企业的劳动卫生抽样调查 ,基本上掌握了 7万多家乡镇企业和 3 0 0 0多家“三资”企业职业卫生状况 ,实施了劳动卫生许可证制度 ;对10 2 3 4个职业危害作业点进行了分级评价、挂警示牌 ,并推行告示周知卡制度 ,使劳动者享有知情权。职业病发病率由 80年代初的 16/10 0 0 0下降至 6/10 0 0 0。其主要缺陷是 :监督与技术服务混为一体、建设项目职业病危害评价未得到有效实施、政府尚未真正把职业卫生纳入公共卫生范畴。因此 ,未来 10年应根据《职业病防治法》 ,从源头上控制和消除职业病危害 ,目标是使广州市职业病发病率控制在 5 /10 0 0 0以下、突发性职业中毒事故下降 5 0 %以上 ,并在2 0 10年杜绝矽肺病新发病例
Occupational health technical services in Guangzhou from 1990 to 2000 mainly include regular supervision, testing and regular occupational physical examination. On this basis, an occupational health monitoring system has also been established. For example, occupational health records were established for 2 686 enterprises, occupational health records for 42 484 workers and 3 65 5 97 motor vehicle drivers, some databases were established, and some follow-up studies were carried out. Through the sample survey on labor hygiene of 965 township and village enterprises and 768 “three-capital” enterprises, it basically mastered the occupational health status of more than 70,000 township enterprises and more than 3,000 “three-funded” enterprises and implemented labor hygiene Permit system; 102,343 occupational hazards work points were graded evaluation, hanging warning signs, and the introduction of notices card system, so that workers have the right to information. The incidence of occupational diseases dropped from 16/10 0 0 0 in the early 1980s to 6/10 0 0 0. The main defects are: supervision and technical services are mixed together, and the evaluation of occupational hazards in construction projects has not been implemented effectively. The government has not really included occupational health in the public health category. Therefore, the next 10 years should be based on “Occupational Disease Prevention Law” from the source control and elimination of occupational hazards, the goal is to control the incidence of occupational diseases in Guangzhou City below 5/10 0 0, sudden occupational poisoning dropped 50% Above, and put an end to new cases of silicosis in 2010