《与友人书简选》是俄国作家果戈理的一部重要作品。它的问世引起一场旷久的争论。长期以来 ,别林斯基的《致果戈理的一封信》宣判了《与友人书简选》的“死刑” ,但历史证明别林斯基的某些论断有失偏颇。本文客观地、全面地介绍别林斯基与果戈理的论战的来龙去脉 ,分析两者的思想分歧的实质和论争的原因。 “Briefing with friends” is an important work of Russian writer Gogol. Its advent led to a long debate. For a long time, Belinski’s “letter to Gogol” has sentenced “the death penalty” to “simple selection with friends”, but history proves that Belinsky’s theory is biased. This article objectively and comprehensively introduces the ins and outs of Belinski’s and Gogol’s polemics and analyzes the essence of the ideological differences between them and the reasons for the controversy.