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结合断裂群区内深埋碳酸盐岩隧道突水点的特征,从多条典型断裂群区构造形成环境、地层岩性、岩溶裂隙水边界条件结合隧道施工情况等因素,重点阐述了断裂群区岩溶突水灾害灾变机制。在此基础上建立断裂群区地层岩性、构造形迹、隧道埋深、水文环境、施工工法等6种致灾因子的风险评价模型。利用模糊层次分析法对断裂群隧道涌水风险、岩溶风险及施工安全风险进行评估,得出后二者风险较高。模糊优选出最适宜断裂群隧道岩溶风险物探方案,即TGP+GPR+炮孔加长法对隧址区隐患点进行了重点预测。与开挖揭露情况进行对比验证其准确性,并提出断裂群区岩溶突水的应急措施。最终形成断裂区隧道岩溶风险等级划分标准,以期对后续穿越断裂群隧道岩溶风险安全施工提供咨询。
Combined with the characteristics of water inrush point of deep buried carbonate rock tunnel in fault zone, this paper focuses on the formation of environment, stratigraphic lithology, karst fissure water boundary conditions combined with tunnel construction and other factors in several typical fault zones, District karst water inrush disaster disaster mechanism. Based on this, risk assessment models of six kinds of hazard factors such as lithology, structural features, depth of tunnel, hydrological environment and construction method in the fault zone are established. Using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to evaluate the risk of water gushing, karst risk and construction safety in the fractured tunnels, it is concluded that the latter two risk is high. Fuzzy optimization of the most suitable fracture group tunnel karst risk geophysical prospecting program, that is, TGP + GPR + blasthole lengthening of the tunnel area key points of the accident were predicted. The comparison with the revelation of excavation verified its accuracy and proposed emergency measures for karst water inrush in the fractured area. Finally, the criteria for classification of karst risk level in the fracture zone are formed, in order to advise on the subsequent safety construction of karst tunnels crossing the fault group.