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目的探讨短期丰富生存环境干预对正常中老年雄性大鼠海马结构及海马内有髓神经纤维的影响。方法将20只14月龄的雄性SD大鼠随机分为丰富生存环境组与空白对照组,前者在丰富生存环境条件下饲养4个月,后者在普通环境中饲养4个月后,采用Morris水迷宫测试两组大鼠的空间学习能力;运用透射电子显微镜和体视学方法对两组大鼠海马结构及海马内有髓神经纤维进行定量研究。结果丰富生存环境组大鼠空间学习能力与空白对照组之间不存在显著性差异;丰富生存环境组与空白对照组相比较,海马结构总体积两组间无显著性差异。丰富生存环境组海马结构内有髓神经纤维的总体积、有髓神经纤维总长度、有髓神经纤维平均直径显著增加。结论短期丰富生存环境干预对14月龄雄性大鼠海马有髓神经纤维具有显著性影响。这一研究结果为将来寻找延缓大脑衰老进程的行为学手段提供了重要的理论依据。
Objective To investigate the effects of short-term abundant living environment on the structure of hippocampus and myelinated nerve fibers in normal middle-aged male rats. Methods Twenty male 14-month-old male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group The water maze was used to test the spatial learning ability of the two groups of rats. The transmission electron microscopy and stereological methods were used to quantitatively study the hippocampal structure and the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampus. Results There was no significant difference between the spatial learning ability of the rats in the enriched environment group and the blank control group. There was no significant difference in the total volume of the hippocampal formation between the enriched environment group and the blank control group. In the enriched environment group, the total volume of myelinated nerve fibers, the total length of myelinated nerve fibers, and the mean diameter of myelinated fibers increased significantly in hippocampal formation. Conclusion The intervention of short-term abundant living environment has a significant effect on myelinated nerve fibers in 14-month-old male rats. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the future study of behavioral methods to delay the process of brain aging.