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有关“遗传的物质基础”这部分内容,是分子遗传学的核心内容。教材在通过两个实验证明DNA是主要的遗传物质之后,着重说明生物的遗传特性,是和DNA的特殊结构与功能有关。所以,阐明DNA的结构与功能的关系,是讲授“遗传的物质基础”这节教材的重点,也是难点。只有具备关于DNA结构的基础知识,才能更好地理解DNA的功能,并为学习遗传能基本规律奠定基础,从而从分子水平认识遗传的实质。根据上述分析,“DNA的结构”这一课时的教学目的确定为: 使学生掌握由四种核苷酸按碱基配对原则连接而成的DNA分子的化学结构和双螺旋的空间
This part of the “genetic material basis” is the core of molecular genetics. After the textbook has proved that DNA is the main genetic material through two experiments, it focuses on the genetic characteristics of the organism and is related to the special structure and function of DNA. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between the structure and function of DNA is the focus and difficulty of teaching the material basis of “genetic material basis”. Only with basic knowledge of DNA structure can we better understand the function of DNA and lay the foundation for learning the basic laws of genetic energy, so as to understand the nature of genetics from the molecular level. According to the above analysis, the purpose of the teaching of “DNA structure” is determined as follows: To enable students to master the chemical structure of DNA molecules linked by the principle of base pairing of four nucleotides and the space of double helices.