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对盾构出洞口涌水、涌砂灾害问题作了分析,建立了地下水绕加固土体下卧层及井壁间隙渗流计算模型,利用半承压含水层渗流理论对一算例进行研究,结果表明,假定在井外加固土体完全隔水情况下,洞门涌土灾害的发生与否受到土体加固范围、井外地下水位及井壁间隙宽度等因素影响;土体加固长度的增加对工程安全有利,但成本较高;土体加固深度应根据具体工况经计算后确定,过深并不合理;井壁与加固土体之间的间隙控制也是工程安全进行的关键。各因素相互制约,需综合考虑工程安全性、经济性和工期等来确定合理的施工参数。
The problem of gushing water and gushing sand disaster in shield tunneling was analyzed, and a seepage calculation model of groundwater under groundwater and shaft lining was set up. Based on the seepage theory of semi-confined aquifer, a case study was conducted. The results show that , It is assumed that the occurrence of earth-hole disasters in the tunnel gate is affected by factors such as the range of soil reinforcement, the water table outside the well and the width of the wellbore wall under the condition that the soil outside the well is completely isolated from water. The increase of the reinforcement length of the soil affects the construction Safe and favorable, but the cost is higher. The depth of soil reinforcement should be determined according to the specific working conditions. It is not reasonable if the depth is too deep. The gap control between the lining of the well and the reinforced soil is also the key to the safety of the project. Various factors restrict each other, need to consider engineering safety, economy and duration to determine the reasonable construction parameters.