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采用ERP技术对继时呈现条件下类别归纳过程进行了实验研究。使用几何图形为材料,18名被试在单维属性不告知、单维属性告知、双维属性不告知三种条件下完成类别归纳任务。通过对相关ERP成分的分析得出以下结论:(1)在继时呈现归纳材料的情况下,对刺激的加工是在已有背景基础上对后来呈现的刺激进行选择性加工,从而形成类别;(2)成年人与儿童在类别归纳中认知加工方式可能存在不同,当类别归纳的复杂程度增加时,即在需要归纳的属性从一个变为两个的时候,成年人仍然倾向于通过归纳出类别判断规则用于分类任务,而非通过相似性进行判断;(3)继时呈现材料条件下类别归纳任务中出现的P400可能是标志类别归纳过程完成的ERP成分,而且与对刺激属性加工具体过程无关。
Using ERP technology to classify the process of induction under the conditions presented in the experiment. Using the geometrical figures as the material, 18 subjects completed the category induction task under the condition of not informing single dimension, single dimension attribute, and double dimension attribute without informing. Through the analysis of related ERP components, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) In the case of inductive materials, the processing of stimuli is based on the existing background to selectively process the stimuli presented later to form categories; (2) Adults and children may have different ways of cognitive processing in category induction. When the complexity of category induction is increased, that is, when the attributes to be summarized are changed from one to two, adults still tend to pass induction The classification rules are used to classify the tasks rather than judging by the similarity. (3) The P400 in the class induction task under the condition of material presentation at a later time may be the ERP component of the induction process of sign class, Specific process has nothing to do.