城市成人麻疹抗体阳性率调查

来源 :现代预防医学 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:liutengyun
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目的了解深圳市成人麻疹免疫现状,为探讨在城市化和工业现代化过程中人群的迁移对麻疹消除的影响提供依据。方法分别选择深圳市富士康职工和龙华医院妇产科产妇中的不同成年人群;采用横断面问卷调查的流行病学研究方法;血清样本用ELISA检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果 1 081名成人,麻疹IgG抗体阳性775人,阳性率为71.69%,抗体阴性率高达28.31%。产妇中麻疹抗体阳性率为64.39%,显著低于门诊体检人群和富士康新、老员工人群(分别为74.27%、75.42%和71.86%);成人时期接种麻疹疫苗(以下简称“麻苗”)者麻疹抗体阳性率(78.50%)明显高于儿童时期接种麻苗(67.42%)和接种史不详者(73.39%);而产妇中成人时期麻苗接种率(2.93%)也显著低于门诊体检人群和富士康新、老员工人群(分别为15.53%、10.42%和10.23%)。受教育程度本科及以上者有着最低的麻疹抗体阳性率(59.15%)。结论深圳市成人中存在着高比例的麻疹易感人群;开展成人,尤其是年轻育龄妇女等重点人群麻苗强化免疫是实现移民城市麻疹消除目标的关键措施。 Objective To understand the immunization status of adult measles in Shenzhen and to provide basis for exploring the impact of population relocation on measles elimination in the process of urbanization and industrial modernization. Methods The different adult population of maternal and obstetrics women workers in Foxconn and Longhua Hospital of Shenzhen were selected respectively. Epidemiological methods of cross-sectional questionnaire survey were used. Serum samples were detected by ELISA. Results Among 1 081 adults, 775 were positive for measles IgG, the positive rate was 71.69% and the antibody negative rate was as high as 28.31%. The positive rate of measles antibody in the mothers was 64.39%, which was significantly lower than that of outpatients and Foxconn new employees (74.27%, 75.42% and 71.86%, respectively). In the adult period, the measles vaccine (hereinafter referred to as " (78.50%) were significantly higher than those in children (67.42%) and those with unknown history of vaccination (73.39%). However, the rate of measles vaccination in middle-aged women (2.93%) was also significantly lower than that of outpatients Medical examination population and Foxconn new and old employee population (respectively 15.53%, 10.42% and 10.23%). The lowest measles antibody positive rate (59.15%) for undergraduate education and above. Conclusions There is a high proportion of measles-susceptible population among adults in Shenzhen. Strengthening the immunization of measles patients in key populations such as adults, especially young women of childbearing age, is the key measure to eliminate measles in immigrant cities.
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