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本文拟在中国与西方这一跨文化的时空背景下,将“叙事”作为关键词,对其作词源学上的探讨和文化差异上的厘定。本文认为:其一,中国与西方在叙事初期即出现的精英叙事与大众叙事的分野,使中西叙事对叙事接受者提出了不同的要求:西方重交流,中国则重体悟。其二,西方叙事在时空上更侧重时间安排,中国则相对更重视空间的多层次性;西方对时空的感受很精微,中国则相对比较写意。其三,西方传统叙事模式多为情节集中的单线结构,而中国的叙事作品则多线索纷繁,因此对顺序、头绪格外重视。
This article intends to use the “narrative” as the key word in the intercultural time and space background between China and the West, and to make a study on the etymology and source culture and the determination of cultural differences. This paper argues that: First, the distinction between elite narrative and popular narrative that China and the West appeared in the early stages of narrative made the narrative of China and the West make different demands on the recipients of narration: the Western countries have re-emphasized their exchanges while the Chinese values the most important ones. Second, western narratives focus more on temporal arrangements in time and space, whereas China places more emphasis on the multi-layered nature of space. Western perceptions of time and space are subtle and China is relatively freehand. Third, the traditional western narrative patterns are mostly single-line structures with concentrated episodes. However, Chinese narratives have many clues and therefore attach great importance to the order and clues.