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目的了解2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血脂异常的特征,为T2DM患者血脂异常的管理提供依据。方法以2010年全国慢病调查吉林省监测点为基础,采取多阶段整群随机抽样的方法确定481例T2DM患者为研究对象,对患者进行问卷调查,主要包括基本的人口学信息,吸烟、饮酒、饮食、身体活动状况、体重、血压、血糖、血脂等主要健康状况,血生化指标,包括血糖、血脂、胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白等。结果 T2DM患者481例中男性243例(50.5%),女性238例(49.5%),平均年龄为(52.2±13.7)岁。血脂的平均水平TG为1.53 mmol/L、TC为4.36mmol/L、LDL-C为2.66 mmol/L、HDL-C为1.24 mmol/L;女性患者HDL-C平均水平高于男性患者,差异有统主进意义(P<0.05),超重组和肥胖者组的TG平均水平高于体重正常的T2DM患者组,差异有统主进意义(P<0.05);T2DM患者中TG升高126例(26.2%)、TC升高39例(8.1%)、LDL-C升高39例(8.1%)、HDL-C降低258例(53.6%)、血脂异常345例(71.7%);超重组和肥胖组的血脂异常率(分别为76.1%和73.8%)高于体重正常组(62.8%)差异有统主进意义(P<0.05);血脂指标异常中,构成以单纯HDL-C降低所占比例最高,为(37.4%),其次为TG升高合并HDL-C降低(12.9%)。结论 T2DM患者TG、TC、LDL-C水平高于一般人群,高TG患病率、高TC患病率、高LDL-C率、低HDL-C率以及血脂异常率也高于一般人群,血脂指标异常的构成以单纯HDL-C降低、TG升高合并HDL-C降低为主。
Objective To understand the characteristics of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide the basis for the management of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients. Methods Based on the 2010 National Chronic Disease Surveillance Survey in Jilin Province, 481 T2DM patients were identified by multistage cluster random sampling method. The patients were surveyed, including basic demographic information, smoking, alcohol consumption , Diet, physical activity, body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids and other major health conditions, blood biochemical indicators, including blood glucose, blood lipids, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin and so on. Results Among the 481 patients with T2DM, 243 (50.5%) were male and 238 (49.5%) were female, with an average age of (52.2 ± 13.7) years. The mean level of serum lipids was 1.53 mmol / L, TC was 4.36 mmol / L, LDL-C was 2.66 mmol / L and HDL-C was 1.24 mmol / L. The average HDL-C level in female patients was higher than that in male patients (P <0.05). The average level of TG in overweight and obesity group was higher than that in normal weight T2DM group (P <0.05), TG was increased in 126 cases of T2DM (8.1%), 39 cases (8.1%) of TC increased, 39 cases (8.1%) of LDL-C increased, 258 cases (53.6%) of HDL-C decreased and 345 cases (71.7%) of dyslipidemia; The rates of dyslipidemia (76.1% and 73.8%, respectively) were higher than that of normal weight group (62.8%) (P <0.05). Among the abnormalities of blood lipids, the proportion of HDL-C decreased Highest (37.4%), followed by elevated TG combined with HDL-C decreased (12.9%). Conclusion The levels of TG, TC and LDL-C in patients with T2DM are higher than those in the general population. The prevalence of high TG, high TC, high LDL-C, low HDL-C and dyslipidemia are also higher than those in the general population. Abnormal indicators constitute a simple HDL-C decreased, elevated TG combined with HDL-C-based.