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野外采集的地震信号是多种波的复合体，是一种时变的非平稳信号。联合时频分析的方法是研究这类信号的有力工具。本文首先分析了短时Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换和短频时间变换这两种时频分析方法，通过理论记录说明时频分析方法可以细致地刻画信号的时间特性；然后将短频时间变换方法应用于地震信号的分析与处理中。文中展示的实际数据分析结果表明了时频分析方法在地震勘探信号分析与处理中的应用意义，即利用短频时间变换这一有效的分析工具，可使我们对数据的时频结构和能量分布有清晰的认识，为进一步选择合理的数据处理方案提供依据。
The seismic signal collected in the field is a complex of many waves and is a kind of time-varying and non-stationary signal. The method of combining time-frequency analysis is a powerful tool for studying such signals. This paper first analyzes two time-frequency analysis methods: short-time Fourier transform and short-time transform, and shows that the time-frequency analysis method can describe the time characteristics of the signal in detail through theoretical records. Then, the short-time transform method is applied to the seismic signal Analysis and processing. The actual data analysis results presented in this article show the significance of the time-frequency analysis method in the seismic signal analysis and processing. By using the short-time transform, an effective analysis tool, we can analyze the time-frequency structure and energy distribution of the data Have a clear understanding, to provide a basis for further selection of a reasonable data processing program.