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目的分析某三甲医院院内急性中毒的流行病学特点。方法收集2009-2014年新疆医科大学第一附属医院急救中心收治的329例急性中毒住院患者的临床资料,采用回顾性研究方法,对年龄、性别、民族、中毒谱、中毒季节、发病时间和预后进行分析。结果 329例急性中毒住院患者中,男女比例为1.08:1,主要分布于20~50岁这个年龄段,男性与女性急性中毒类型构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.00,P<0.01)。急性中毒以汉族居多,其次为维吾尔族与回族,其他民族所占比例较少。中毒谱构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2=506.35,P<0.01),其中农药中毒最多,其次为食物中毒,第三位的为气体中毒。季节构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2=330.78,P<0.01),其中以夏季最多。死亡6例,其中农药中毒5例,药物中毒1例。结论急性中毒为急诊科常见疾病,在发病早期得不到准确的诊断及有效的治疗,常可危及患者生命。本文反映了我院急诊科收治的急性中毒谱,在一定程度上反映了地域性中毒特点,具有一定的临床意义。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial acute poisoning in a top three hospital. Methods The clinical data of 329 acute inpatients admitted from the emergency center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2009 to 2014 were collected. The data of age, sex, ethnicity, poisoning spectrum, poisoning season, onset time and prognosis Analyze. Results Among 329 acute poisoning inpatients, the ratio of male to female was 1.08: 1, mainly distributed in the age range of 20 to 50 years. There was significant difference in the constituent ratio of acute poisoning between male and female (χ2 = 17.00, P <0.01). Acute poisoning is mostly Han, followed by Uyghur and Hui, other ethnic groups accounted for a small proportion. The composition of poisoning spectrum was significantly different (χ2 = 506.35, P <0.01), of which pesticide poisoning was the most, followed by food poisoning, and the third was gas poisoning. There was significant difference in seasonal composition ratio (χ2 = 330.78, P <0.01), with the most in summer. 6 died, of which 5 cases of pesticide poisoning, drug poisoning in 1 case. Conclusions Acute poisoning is a common disease in the emergency department and can not be accurately diagnosed and effectively treated in the early stage of onset. It can often endanger the life of patients. This article reflects the hospital emergency department treated acute poisoning spectrum, to a certain extent, reflects the characteristics of regional poisoning, has some clinical significance.