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在哲学层面上 ,自然科学与人文科学的关系问题实质上是自然与人的关系问题 ;从历史的角度来看 ,围绕自然科学与人文科学的关系问题的争论则可以视为西方哲学自古希腊起一直贯穿着的机械论与目的论的分歧的现代延续。正是从目的论出发 ,马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中指出了自然科学与人文科学在感性活动的基础上融合和统一的必然趋势。
At the philosophical level, the question of the relationship between the natural sciences and the humanities is essentially the question of the relationship between nature and human beings. From a historical point of view, the debate over the relationship between the natural sciences and the humanities can be regarded as an issue of Western philosophy since ancient Greece The modern continuation of the differences between mechanicalism and teleology. It is from the Skopos theory that Marx pointed out the inevitable trend of integration and unification of natural sciences and humanities on the basis of perceptual activities in Manuscripts of Economics and Philosophy in 1844.