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目的:观察钛种植体表面早期成骨的特点及效果。方法:4只beagle犬,随机选择左或右侧拔除下颌第2、3、4前磨牙和第1磨牙,拔牙3个月骨创愈合后,于下颌骨拔牙区植入5颗3.8mm×9mm的威高种植体(SLA表面处理),共植入20枚种植体。于术后2周,4周分别处死2只beagle犬取样,在处死前做四环素及钙黄绿素双次标记,标本常规处理后进行大体观察,显微CT检测和硬组织切片观察。结果:经喷砂酸蚀处理的钛种植体表面在种植窝内显示出明显的骨引导作用,有利于骨结合早期的成骨;成骨速度与颌骨解剖结构密切相关,靠近皮质骨端的种植体表面成骨速度优于靠近骨髓腔端,种植体表面成骨速度与其与皮质骨之间的距离成反比。讨论:以往观察钛种植体表面早期成骨的特点主要是研究种植体表面骨结合率,缺乏关于皮质骨与骨髓腔的成骨差异的相关研究。本实验结果显示了种植体表面成骨速度与颌骨解剖结构密切相关,皮质骨区域较骨髓腔区有更快的成骨速度。结论:优良的种植体表面有明显的引导成骨作用,可促进植入早期的接触成骨;皮质骨区域较骨髓腔区有更快的成骨速度。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the characteristics and effects of early osteogenesis of titanium implants. METHODS: Four beagle dogs were randomly selected. The mandibular first, second, third and fourth premolar teeth and the first molar were removed at the right or left. Three months after the tooth extraction, the bone was healed. Weigao implant (SLA surface treatment), a total of 20 implants implanted. Two beagle dogs were sacrificed at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after operation, respectively. Tetracycline and calcein were double-labeled before sacrifice. The specimens were subjected to general observation, micro-CT examination and observation of hard tissue sections. Results: The surface of titanium implants treated with sandblasting showed obvious osteoconduction in the implant socket, which was in favor of early osteogenesis. The osteogenesis rate was closely related to the anatomy of the mandible, and the implant near the cortical bone ends The rate of body surface osteogenesis is superior to that near the medullary cavity, and the rate of osteogenesis on the surface of the implant is inversely proportional to the distance between it and the cortical bone. Discussion: In the past, the characteristics of early osteosynthesis on the surface of titanium implants were mainly studied on the surface osseointegration of implants. There was a lack of relevant research on the osteogenic differentiation between cortical and medullary cavities. The experimental results show that the implant surface osteogenesis speed and jaw anatomy are closely related to the cortical bone area faster than the bone marrow osteoblast rate. CONCLUSION: The excellent implant surface has obvious osteoinduction effect, which can promote the contact osteogenesis in the early stage of implantation. The cortical bone area has a faster osteogenesis rate than the marrow cavity area.