词语的锤炼,又叫做炼字;句式的调整,也叫做炼句。但词语、句式都不是孤立存在的,它总是处于具体的语境中,因而炼字、炼句都应考虑到必须适应语境——即言语环境,它是由时间、地点、场合、对象等客观因素和使用人的身份、思想、性格、职业、修养、处境、心情等主观因素所构成,这是修辞应遵循的基本原则。吕叔湘先生在1985年10月7日给《修辞学习》杂志的一则题词可用来为此作注: 什么叫修辞?简单点说,就是把文章写好或 Word temper, also known as refining the word; sentence adjustment, also known as refining. However, words and sentences do not exist in isolation and are always in a specific context. Therefore, refining words and refining sentences should take into account the fact that they must be adapted to the context - that is, the speech environment. It consists of time, place, Objects and other objective factors and the user’s identity, ideology, personality, occupation, self-cultivation, situation, mood and other subjective factors, which is the rhetoric should follow the basic principles. Lv Shuxiang on October 7, 1985 to “Rhetoric” magazine an inscription can be used for this Note: What is rhetoric? Simply put, is to write the article or