目的探讨FISH检测宫颈细胞hTERC基因表达及在宫颈癌和癌前病变筛查中的价值。方法收集300例宫颈细胞标本,经病理活检确诊:正常或炎症30例、CIN1 100例、CIN2 60例、CIN3 60例、SCC 50例。用FISH检测宫颈细胞hTERC基因扩增情况,以正常标本的检测结果建立阈值。结果正常阈值为5.91%,在不同病理学分组中扩增阳性率分别为:CIN1 17.00%(17/100)、CIN2 66.67%(40/60)、CIN3 88.33%(53/60)、SCC 100.00%(50/50)。各组hTERC基因阳性率与正常对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),随着病理级别的上升,其阳性率不断升高。CIN2、CIN3和SCC的阳性率显著高于正常及CIN1者(P<0.01)。结论在不同级别CIN中有hTERC基因扩增,随着病理级别上升,阳性率也逐步升高。FISH检测hTERC基因可以作为宫颈癌和癌前病变早期筛查的手段,预测CIN进展、指导治疗及评估预后的重要指标。 Objective To investigate the expression of hTERC gene in cervical cells by FISH and its value in the screening of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Methods 300 cases of cervical cell samples were collected and confirmed by pathological biopsy: 30 cases of normal or inflammation, 100 cases of CIN1, 60 cases of CIN2, 60 cases of CIN3 and 50 cases of SCC. FISH detection of cervical cell hTERC gene amplification, the normal specimen test results to establish the threshold. Results The normal threshold value was 5.91%. The positive rates of CIN1, CIN2 and CIN2 were 67% (50/50). The positive rate of hTERC gene in each group was significantly different from that of the normal control group (P <0.01). The positive rate of hTERC gene increased with the increase of pathological grade. The positive rates of CIN2, CIN3 and SCC were significantly higher than those of normal and CIN1 (P <0.01). Conclusion In different levels of CIN hTERC gene amplification, with the pathological level increased, the positive rate also increased gradually. FISH detection hTERC gene can be used as a means of early screening of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, predict CIN progress, guide treatment and prognosis of important indicators.