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目的研究教师哮喘发作中社会心理因素的作用。方法用《哮喘病社会心理因素调查表》对近3年来体检和门诊中发现患有哮喘病的中小学教师进行调查。结果几乎所有被调查的哮喘患者都存在社会心理因素的作用;其中负性刺激和不良情绪的影响最大,在3个年龄段都超过50%;在男性哮喘发作中,负性刺激(66.9%)和不良个性(57.7%)的影响最大;女性哮喘发作中,负性刺激(84.1%)和不良情绪(90.6%)的影响最大;教师职业的压力在几乎所有患者身上有表现。结论社会心理因素在哮喘中的影响一般是诱发作用;社会心理因素和哮喘之间是相互作用过程,教师的哮喘疾病有明显的职业特点,对哮喘的治疗还应该包括心理治疗。
Objective To study the role of social psychological factors in asthma attacks in teachers. Methods A questionnaire of social psychological factors of asthma was used to investigate the primary and secondary school teachers who were found to have asthma in physical examinations and outpatients in the recent 3 years. Results Almost all of the asthmatics investigated had psychosocial factors; the negative and the negative emotions were the most influential, accounting for more than 50% in all three age groups. Negative stimulation (66.9%) was found in male asthma attacks, And bad personality (57.7%). Female asthma attack had the strongest negative stimulation (84.1%) and negative emotions (90.6%). The occupational stress in teachers was manifested in almost all patients. Conclusions The influence of psychosocial factors in asthma is generally inducing. The interaction between psychosocial factors and asthma is an interaction process. Teachers’ asthma diseases have obvious occupational characteristics. Treatment of asthma should also include psychotherapy.