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目的调查7个县(区)血吸虫病疫情状况,判定其是否符合血吸虫病传播控制或传播阻断标准。方法在每个县(区)随机抽取3个乡,每个乡随机抽取1个行政村开展人畜感染情况调查。人群查病采用IHA法对6～65岁的常住居民进行筛查,阳性者再采用尼龙绢集卵孵化法检查;对所有敞放的牛和羊采用粪便直接毛蚴孵化法检查。传播控制达标评估县(区)对近3年查出钉螺且人、畜活动频繁的环境,采用系统抽样结合环境抽样调查法查螺;传播阻断达标评估县(区)对历史有螺环境、可疑有螺环境采用全面细查法查螺。同时,审核近5年的血吸虫病疫情资料。结果 4个区居民和家畜血吸虫感染率均低于1%,未出现当地感染的急性血吸虫病病例;连续2年以上查不到感染性钉螺;3个县(市、区)已连续5年未发现当地感染的血吸虫病病例,连续2年以上查不到钉螺。结论 4个区的血吸虫病疫情达到了传播标准,3个县(市、区)的疫情达到了传播阻断标准。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in seven counties (districts) and determine whether it meets the criteria for transmission control or transmission of schistosomiasis. Methods Three townships were randomly selected in each county (district), and one administrative village was randomly selected from each township to carry out a survey of human and livestock infections. The crowd examination IHA method for 6 to 65-year-old residents were screened positive again by nylon silk hatching test; for all open cattle and sheep stool examination using direct fecal incarceration. Propagation Control Criteria Evaluation County (district) of the past three years found Snail snails and frequent human activities, animal husbandry and livestock use systematic sampling combined with environmental sampling survey Chayou; transmission block assessment of county (area) on the history of snail environment, Suspicious snail environment using a comprehensive scrutiny method search snail. At the same time, review the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in the past five years. Results The prevalence of schistosomiasis was less than 1% in 4 districts and no cases of acute schistosomiasis were found in the four districts. Infectious snails were not detected for more than 2 years in a row. The 3 counties (cities and districts) Found cases of local infection of schistosomiasis, check for more than 2 years snail. Conclusion The epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in four districts reached the standard of transmission, and the epidemic situation of three counties (cities and districts) reached the standard of transmission block.