This paper reports that pure hexagonal aluminium nitride microtubes and nanowires growing along the [0001] direction have been successfully synthesized by directly reacting AlCl3 with NaN3 at low temperature (450℃) under condition of non-solvent system. The grey-white powder of reacting product was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), which shows that the powder is long straight-wire morphology with outer diameter from 40 nm to 300 nm and length up to several micrometres. The results of both electron diffraction (ED)and x-ray diffraction (XRD) indicate that the AlN microtubes have a pure hexagonal monocrystal tubular structure with the combination of the curled AlN nanobelts. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectrum of the synthesized sample showed an emission peak, which is closely related to the small size of the microtubes.