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中国古典小说西译和西洋小说中译构成了中西之间文学“输入”和“输出”的双向交流和互动。通过对两者缘起时间、翻译数量及译者主体等多维参数进行比较,既揭示译入语文化对翻译活动的制约和主导,又阐明翻译文学在异质文化氛围中文学接受和文化利用的不同取向,前者促成了中西小说双向翻译在翻译题材的选择、翻译策略的定夺及翻译动力的来源等诸多方面的异中之同,后者则造成了中西小说双向翻译在翻译准则、翻译批评等方面的同中之异。同时,中西小说的双向翻译是不平衡的,这种不平衡随着中西双方权力关系的变化而变化,并在甲午战争至清末民初显得益发突出。新中国成立之后,中国古典小说西译走向了自主与自觉的现代转型。
The translation of the Chinese classical novels and the translation of the Western novels constitutes a two-way exchange and interaction between Chinese and Western literature, “input” and “output.” By comparing the multidimensional parameters such as time, number of translater and subject of translator, it not only reveals the restriction and dominance of translation into translation but also the differences of literary acceptance and cultural utilization in translation culture in heterogeneous culture The former promoted the similarities and differences between the two-way translation of Chinese and Western novels in terms of the choice of translation subjects, the determination of translation strategies and the source of translation motivation, while the latter resulted in the translation criteria and translation criticism of the two-way translation of Chinese and Western novels The same in the different. At the same time, the two-way translation of Chinese and Western novels is unbalanced. This imbalance changes with the change of the power relations between China and the West and appears to be prominent in the Sino-Japanese War until the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. After the founding of New China, the translation of Chinese classical novels into the modern transformation of autonomy and consciousness.