一人类历史经历了石器时代、铜器时代、铁器时代和机器时代，现进入了信息时代，人类的知识随之从无到有、从少到多，当今到了一个知识爆炸的社会。目前，科学知识一方面向着综合、交叉发展，已到了综合科学时代、交叉科学时代；另一方面是向着纵深发展，分支学科愈来愈多、愈 A human history has gone through the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Machine Age. Now that we have entered the information age, human knowledge has grown from nothing, from less to more, to a society where knowledge has exploded. At present, on the one hand, scientific knowledge has been developed towards comprehensiveness and cross-cutting and has reached the era of integrated science and interdisciplinary science; on the other hand, it has been developing in depth and has more and more branches and disciplines.