以南五味子为原料,分析了其不同溶剂提取物清除1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼自由基(DPPH.)、羟自由基(.OH)的能力;并以无水乙醇为溶剂,比较了超声提取和传统浸提的南五味子提取物的粗提率及其对自由基的清除效果;探讨了超声法提取时间和提取温度对南五味子提取物清除DPPH.的影响。结果表明,南五味子无水乙醇提取物对DPPH.的清除率最高,达94.24%;氯仿提取物对.OH具有最高的清除率,达80.96%。不同溶剂提取物对DPPH.的清除效果为:乙醇>丙酮>氯仿>石油醚>乙酸乙酯,对.OH的清除效果为:氯仿>石油醚>乙酸乙酯>丙酮>乙醇。超声提取法比传统浸提提取效率提高了30.16%,粗提物对DPPH.和.OH的清除率分别提高了24.66、12.95个百分点。50℃条件下,超声提取40 min得到的南五味子乙醇提取物对DPPH.清除率最高,为97.32%。 In this study, the chemical constituents of Schisandra sphenanthera Schisandrae chinensis were extracted from the leaves of Schisandra sphenanthera. The effects of different solvent extracts on the scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picolylhydrazone (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals (.OH) Solvent, the crude extraction rate and the scavenging effect of free radicals by ultrasonic extraction and traditional extraction were compared. The effects of ultrasonic extraction time and extraction temperature on the scavenging of DPPH were also discussed. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Kadsura had the highest DPPH. The highest clearance rate was 94.24%. Chloroform extract had the highest clearance rate of OH to 80.96%. The scavenging effects of different solvent extracts on DPPH were ethanol> acetone> chloroform> petroleum ether> ethyl acetate. The scavenging effects on OH were: chloroform> petroleum ether> ethyl acetate> acetone> ethanol. The extraction efficiency of ultrasonic extraction was 30.16% higher than that of traditional extraction, and the clearance of DPPH and OH by crude extract increased by 24.66 and 12.95 percentage points respectively. Under the condition of 50 ℃, the ethanol extract of S. japonicum obtained by ultrasonic extraction for 40 min has the highest DPPH clearance rate of 97.32%.