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黑棉土是埃塞俄比亚当地特有的一种膨胀土。以埃塞俄比亚某高速公路为依托,介绍黑棉土路段的路基处治设计。结合当地既有的工程实例,以及某高速路已经完工和正在修建的路段,对黑棉土的膨胀特性、黑棉土路段路基病害和成因进行分析。结果表明:黑棉土的主要破坏模式为干湿循环造成黑棉土胀缩效应;黑棉土治理应遵循“防排结合、多方类比、谨慎换填、及时取样”的原则;对尚未施工的黑棉土路段低填路基处治设计,应从施工准备、施工过程与施工后的防水设计、地表水与地下水排水设计、填料设计以及边坡设计(封闭坡面、放缓坡率)等方面入手加以优化;建议在线形设计时对黑棉土路段排水预留条件;从设计到施工,黑棉土路段路基应始终贯彻“保水、防渗”原则。
Black cotton soil is a native expanse of Ethiopia. Relying on a highway in Ethiopia, this paper introduces the design of subgrade treatment of black cotton soil section. Based on the existing engineering examples in the area and the sections of a highway that have been completed and under construction, the expansion characteristics of black cotton soil and the causes and causes of the subgrade of black cotton soil are analyzed. The results show that the main failure mode of black cotton soil is the expansion and shrinkage of black cotton soil caused by the wet-dry cycle. The treatment of black cotton soil should follow the principle of “combination of prevention and treatment, multi-analogy, careful replacement and timely sampling” The construction design of low fill embankment for black cotton soil section should be carried out from construction preparation, waterproof design after construction and after construction, surface water and groundwater drainage design, packing design and slope design (closed slope, slow slope) It is recommended to reserve conditions for the drainage of black cotton soil sections in the design of linear form. From design to construction, the subgrade of black cotton soil section should always implement the principle of “water retention and seepage prevention”.