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《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》(以下简称《提纲》)认为,人的本质在其现实性上是一切社会关系的总和。对人本质的认识大致经历了两次转变——由神本位向人本位转变,由人的自然本性向人的社会本质转变。马克思在批判地继承费尔巴哈类本质的基础上,指出人的本质是具体的、现实的关系范畴和总和的意蕴。实践作为人的本质最基本的存在方式,为人的生活提供物质资料,形成人的意识,构建人的社会关系,使人成为人。人具有自然属性和社会属性,人的社会属性决定人的本质。
The Feuerbach’s Syllabus (hereinafter referred to as “the Syllabus”) argues that the essence of man is, in its reality, the sum of all social relations. The understanding of the essence of human has undergone two changes in general: the transformation from god-based to man-based, and from human’s natural nature to human’s social nature. On the basis of critically inheriting the nature of Feuerbach, Marx pointed out that the essence of man is the category of concrete and realistic relations and the meaning of total. Practice as the most basic way of existence of human nature, provide material information for human life, form human consciousness, construct human social relations and make people become human beings. Human beings have natural and social attributes, and the social attributes of human beings determine the essence of human beings.