Environmental damage costs from fossil electricity generation in China, 2000~2003

来源 :浙江大学学报A(英文版) | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:lhyu11
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
Electricity consumption increases rapidly with the rapid development of China. The environmental damage costs of electricity generation are very important for both policy analysis and the proper management of the environment. A method was developed in this work to estimate gross environmental damage costs according to emission inventory and environmental cost factors, and to extend the costs from provincial to national level with population density. In this paper, sulfur dioxide (SO2),nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), and carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fired power plants over 6000 kW were selected as index pollutants to quantify the environmental costs of damages on human health and global warming. With the new developed method, environmental damage costs, caused by 3 types of fired power plants in 30 provinces and 6 economic sectors during the years 2000 to 2003, were evaluated and analyzed. It can be seen that the calculated total national environmental damage costs of electricity have rapidly increased from 94930.87× 106 USD in 2000 to about 141041.39× 106 USD in 2003, with an average annual growth rate of 14.11%. Environmental damage costs of SO2, NOx, PM10, and CO2 are 69475.69× 106, 30079.29×106, 28931.84× 106, and 12554.57× 106 USD and account for 49.26%, 21.33%, 20.51%, and 8.90% of total environmental costs in fossil electricity generation, respectively. With regard to regional distribution, external costs caused by fossil electricity generation are mainly concentrated in the more populated and industrialized areas of China, i.e., the Eastern Central and Southeastern areas.
其他文献
十一月一过,随着秋意渐浓,仙女山开始呈现出一番与夏日迥异的景象来:高海拔草甸上的清凉已经转变成深秋时节的寒冽。散布在草场之中的不计其数的沙棘上挂满了红彤彤的小果实,远远
根据多年的石油勘探测量的经验,就RTK作为石油物探三维地震勘探测量中实时动态GPS测量技术与应用等问题进行深刻的分析和讨论。
轻型门式刚架结构特点及设计要点,重点分析了门式刚架钢结构的关键组成结构的设计要求及安装要求。从荷载计算及荷载组合,刚架柱梁和结构布置三方面分析了设计注意事项和要点
随着地震勘探精度的不断提高,在地震资料采集设备方面的技术要求也越来越高,检波器在经历了几十年发展后也日趋成熟,但在实际工作应用中其应有的特点并没有充分得到发挥,本文
讨论了产品返回依赖于需求且返回品需经过检测方能再销售时最优的检测人数.假设在每个周期上供应商面临确定性需求,产品只能在当前购买周期内被返回,产品的市场逗留时间和返
20世纪90年代以来,学校教育一直在酝酿着各种新的教学实践变革,把对话教学引入到高中地理课堂中显得尤为重要。师生对话是指师生之间蕴涵着教育性的交流互动。下面就目前师生对
2011年3月至4月,我有幸到上海华东师范大学参加“楚天中小学教师校长卓越工程”第二期培训班的学习。一个月里,我们聆听了20位教授的30场报告,内容涉及以新基础教育理论为主
从园林工程施工管理的重点要素出发,对工程质量管理、施工管理及成本控制进行了全面分析,并制定了科学完备的控制措施,对园林工程的高质量施工、快速发展有重要的推动作用。
实训室作为高等职业院校教学实践的重要场所,其管理对学生技能的培养具有重要的作用,能够培养社会需要的应用型和实用型人才。随着汽车行业的快速发展,汽车市场已经成为我国
目前高职院校英语教学存在着学生基础差、教师教学效果欠佳等诸多问题,巴巴拉.G.戴维斯的有效教学理论给高职英语教学改革提供了可借鉴的理论依据。 At present, there are