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基于单层胶体晶体模板构筑不同形貌的纳米材料是一种简单、高效、灵活且成本低的纳米加工方法,可以实现高可控性和可重复性的各种二维(2D)图案纳米结构的制备。对二维胶体晶体的制备方法进行了综述,包括紧密堆积型、非紧密堆积型以及二元胶体晶体的制备方法。重点介绍了以二维胶体晶体为模板构筑不同形貌的二维结构,如纳米碗、纳米空心球、纳米网等阵列结构。同时指出了二维胶体晶体制备中存在的问题,并对其后续发展进行了展望。
Building nanomaterials with different morphologies based on monolayer colloidal crystal templates is a simple, efficient, flexible and low cost nanofabrication method that can achieve a variety of two-dimensional (2D) pattern nanostructures with high controllability and repeatability Preparation. The preparation methods of two-dimensional colloidal crystals are summarized, including the close-packed type, non-compact packing type and the preparation method of binary colloidal crystals. The two-dimensional structures with different morphologies are mainly introduced by using two-dimensional colloidal crystals as templates, such as nano-bowl, nano-hollow sphere and nano-array. At the same time, the problems existing in the preparation of two-dimensional colloidal crystals are pointed out, and the prospect of their subsequent development is also pointed out.