论文部分内容阅读
甘肃省临潭县磨沟齐家文化墓地,是甘青地区近年来的重要考古收获之一。磨沟墓地发掘不仅揭示出齐家文化末期墓葬结构和埋葬方式更趋复杂,而且获得了许多有关埋葬过程的堆积证据,极大地加深了人们对齐家文化葬俗的认识①。但磨沟墓地确认的多人多次合葬过程②、地表坟丘结构③等,究竟是仅仅出现于齐家文化末期,还是甘青地区史前墓葬中普遍存在的现象,则是一个值得深入探讨的问题。而20世纪70年代大规模发掘的柳湾墓地,包含马家窑文化半山、马厂期及齐家文化时期墓葬,无疑是探讨这些问题的重要对象④。以往普遍采取水平式整体清理墓穴的发掘方法,极少关注墓穴堆积方面的埋藏证据,所以只能以《青海柳湾》报告详细报道的墓葬资料为基础,借鉴磨沟墓地的发掘经验,通过人骨及随葬品的出土状况,就相关问题展开讨论。
Milling Grove Qijia Cultural Cemetery in Lintan County, Gansu Province is one of the important archaeological relics in Ganqing in recent years. The discovery of Mogou cemetery not only reveals that the structure and burial methods of burial mounds at the end of Qijia culture are more complicated, but also obtains a lot of accumulated evidence about the burial process and greatly deepens the people’s understanding of the funeral custom of Qi family culture. However, it is a phenomenon worthy of in-depth discussion that the process of multiple cementation of burial mound cemetery ②, the structure of surface grave mound ③ and so on are the only phenomena that appear only in the late Qijia period or the prehistoric tombs in Ganqing area problem. The Liuwan cemetery excavated on a large scale in the 1970s, including the Majiayao culture hilltop, the Machang period and the Qijia culture period tombs, undoubtedly are important targets for exploring these issues. In the past, the excavation method of gravel clearing in a horizontal manner was generally adopted, with little attention paid to the evidence of burial in the accumulation of graves. Therefore, based on the detailed tomographic data of the report of Liu Wan in Qinghai Province and based on the excavation experience at Mogou cemetery, And the unearthed burial goods, discuss the related issues.