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目的了解烟台市社区老年人自测健康现状,分析影响因素,为该人群的健康促进工作提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取研究对象,应用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)及自制人口学资料问卷面对面访谈收集资料,共调查社区老年人412人,有效问卷353份;应用SAS9.1进行统计描述和非参数秩和检验。结果不同性别社区老年居民的自测心理健康得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄社区老年居民的自测生理健康、心理健康和自测整体健康得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同文化程度和工作状态社区老年居民的自测生理健康、心理健康、社会健康和自测整体健康得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同民族社区老年居民的自测社会健康得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论年龄、文化程度、工作状态是影响烟台市社区老年居民身心健康的因素,性别是影响心理健康的因素,民族对社会支持功能有影响。
Objective To understand the status quo of self-rated health of the elderly in community in Yantai, analyze the influencing factors and provide theoretical basis for the health promotion of this population. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to extract the subjects. The self-rated health assessment scale (SRHMS) and the self-made demographic data questionnaire were used to interview and collect data. A total of 412 senior citizens in the community were surveyed, and 353 valid questionnaires were collected. SAS9.1 was used for statistics Description and non-parametric rank sum test. Results The self-rated mental health scores of elderly residents in different sex communities were significantly different (P <0.05). The elderly residents of different age groups had statistically significant differences in self-rated physical health, mental health and self-rated overall health scores (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in self-rated physiological health, mental health, social health and self-test overall health scores among community residents with different educational level and working status (P <0.05). Self-rated social health of elderly residents in different ethnic communities There was significant difference between the scores (P <0.05). Conclusions Age, education level and work status are the factors that affect the physical and mental health of the elderly inhabitants in Yantai community. Gender is a factor that affects mental health. Ethnicity affects the social support function.