本文重点讨论了结构主义符号学的可能性原则:就是将表达过程中的可能性单位及其选择,作为主要对象进行修辞研究的理论模式。可能性单位及其选择包括三种基本类型:一是线性的同义结构及选择,二是非线性的多级符号构成的同义结构及选择;三是一级符号的媒体的同义结构及选择。可能性原则有可能将修辞学上升为一种符号学理论而非传统语言学的附庸。 This article focuses on the possible principles of structuralistic semiotics: the theoretical model of rhetorical research that takes the possible units and their choices in the process of expression as their main objects. Possibility units and their choices include three basic types: one is the synonymous structure and choice of linearity, the other is the synonymous structure and choice of non-linear multilevel symbols. The third is the synonymous structure and choice of one-level symbolic media . The principle of possibility has the potential to elevate rhetoric to a semiotic rather than a vassal of traditional linguistics.