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目的了解河南省安阳地区初治肺结核患者的耐药情况,为临床肺结核的治疗提供实验数据,为制定治疗方案提供科学依据。方法 285例初治肺结核患者,对其痰中分离培养的285株结核分枝杆菌菌株进行菌型鉴定,对5种抗结核药物链霉素(SM)、异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RFP)、乙胺丁醇(EMB)、对氨水杨酸钠(PAS)的耐药性进行测试。结果 285株结核分枝杆菌中,人型结核分枝杆菌283株,牛型分枝杆菌2株;在73例耐药菌株中,耐1种药41株,耐2种药20株,耐3种药7株,耐4种药5株;耐药率分别为:14.4%、7.0%、2.5%、1.8%。结论不同类型的初治结核病例耐药率各异,应重视初治肺结核患者的耐药情况,根据结核杆菌药敏试验结果合理使用抗结核药物。
Objective To understand the drug resistance of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Anyang area of Henan Province, to provide experimental data for the treatment of clinical tuberculosis and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of treatment plans. Methods 285 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled in this study. A total of 285 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from sputum were identified. Five anti-TB drugs streptomycin (SM), isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), ethambutol (EMB) and sodium salicylate (PAS) were tested. Results Of 285 M. tuberculosis strains, 283 were Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and 2 were Mycobacterium bovis strains. Of the 73 drug-resistant strains, 41 were resistant to one drug, 20 were resistant to two drugs, and were resistant to 3 7 kinds of medicine and 5 kinds of 4 kinds of medicine. The resistance rates were 14.4%, 7.0%, 2.5% and 1.8% respectively. Conclusion Different types of untreated tuberculosis cases have different rates of drug resistance. Drug resistance in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients should be emphasized. According to the results of susceptibility testing of tuberculous bacilli, anti-TB drugs should be used rationally.