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可转换公司债券是指发行人依照法定程序发行、在一定期间内依据约定的条件可以转换成股份的公司债券。发行人是指符合规定的上市公司和重点国有企业。可转换公司债券对发行人和购买可转换公司债券的企业(以下简称购买人)双方都有利,在发行人方面,能够以较低的利率来筹措资金,并且在购买人行使转换权利时,可以将长期负债转化为公司资本而无需返还债券本金和剩余利息,从而达到增资的目的;在购买人方面,既享有债券转换前固定的利息收入,又享有发行人股票市价超过转换价格时把债券转换成股票的权利。下面举例说明发行人和购买人的会计处理。
Convertible corporate bonds are corporate bonds that are issued by the issuer in accordance with legal procedures and can be converted into shares within a certain period of time according to agreed terms. The issuer refers to listed companies and key state-owned enterprises that meet the requirements. Convertible corporate bonds are beneficial to both the issuer and the company that purchases the convertible corporate bonds (hereinafter referred to as the purchaser). On the issuer side, they can raise funds at lower interest rates, and when the purchaser exercises the conversion rights, they can Convert long-term liabilities into corporate capital without repaying the principal and residual interest of the bonds to achieve the goal of capital increase; on the part of the purchaser, it enjoys fixed interest income before conversion of the bonds, and also enjoys the bond when the issuer’s stock market price exceeds the conversion price. Convert to stock rights. The following example illustrates the accounting treatment of issuers and purchasers.