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目的了解满族中学生忽视现状及其影响因素,为改善满族聚居区学生受忽视现状和促进健康发展提供科学依据。方法分层整群随机抽取秦皇岛市青龙满族自治县1 052名12~17岁满族中学生,采用“中国城市12~17岁中学生忽视评价常模”中拟定的量表进行问卷调查,运用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 12~17岁满族中学生总忽视度为(49.4±8.2),高于全国水平(48.0±9.1)。不同年级的满族中学生忽视度差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,父母间关系、家庭收入、与母亲关系、是否住校、家庭类型、是否有单独房间、母亲职业、年级、父母工作地点是否变动对中学生忽视度的影响均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论满族聚居区12~17岁中学生受忽视现况高于全国。学校、社会各界应加强关注,构建适合儿童主要照顾者(家长)实施、操作性强的预防干预模式,改善儿童成长的家庭与社会环境。
Objective To understand the status of neglect of middle school students in Manchu and its influencing factors and to provide a scientific basis for improving the neglected status and promoting the healthy development of students in Manchu agglomeration. Methods A total of 1,052 Manchu middle school students from 12 to 17 years old in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County of Qinhuangdao were randomly selected and stratified into clusters. Questionnaires were drawn by using the scale of “neglecting evaluation of middle school students aged 12 to 17 in cities of China”, using SPSS 19.0 Software for statistical analysis. Results The total neglect rate of Manchu middle school students aged 12-17 was (49.4 ± 8.2), which was higher than the national average (48.0 ± 9.1). Manchu middle school students in different grades ignored the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the impact of parental relationship, family income, relationship with mother, whether they resided in school, family type, whether there was a separate room, mother’s occupation, grade and whether parents’ working place changed the degree of neglect of secondary school students were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of neglected secondary school students aged 12-17 in the Manchu community is higher than that of the whole country. Schools and all sectors of society should pay more attention to building a family-based and social environment that is suitable for the implementation of children’s primary caregivers (parents) and highly operable preventive interventions to improve children’s growth.