目的:了解佛山市南海区2007～2009年度人群出生缺陷变化趋势,探索影响出生缺陷发生、发展的相关因素及预防干预措施。方法:根据卫生部保健与社区卫生司、全国妇幼卫生监测办公室制定的《中国人群出生缺陷监测方案(试行)》(2006年8月),采取以医院和以人群两条途径进行动态监测。结果:2007、2008、2009年南海区人群出生缺陷的发生率分别为224.63/万、280.48/万、373.79/万,三年出生缺陷率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),出生缺陷的发生率呈逐年上升的趋势,且非本地居住一年以上出生缺陷的发生率高于本地人口;男性出生缺陷儿发生率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2007、2008年前3位出生缺陷是一致的,分别为先天性心脏病、耳部畸形、多指(趾),2009年较前两年相比,G-6-PD缺乏越居为第2位,色素痣增加速度也较为明显;2007～2009年出生缺陷的产前诊断率分别为18.81%、16.31%、11.07%,产前诊断率呈逐年下降趋势。结论:加强出生缺陷的三级预防措施:孕前开展对育龄妇女优生优育知识教育,加强婚前医学检查、孕前保健及孕早期保健;孕期要做好产前检查及产前诊断;产后对阳性患儿早期诊断和及时治疗等。 Objective: To understand the trend of birth defects in Nanhai District of Foshan City from 2007 to 2009, to explore the factors that affect the occurrence and development of birth defects and to provide preventive measures. Methods: According to “Monitoring Plan of Birth Defects in Chinese Population (Trial)” (August 2006) formulated by the Department of Health and Community Health of the Ministry of Health and the National Office of Maternal and Child Health Monitoring, the hospital and the population were used to carry out dynamic monitoring. Results: The incidence of birth defects in the population of Nanhai in 2007, 2008 and 2009 were respectively 224.63 / million, 280.48 / million and 373.79 / million. There was significant difference in three years’ birth defect rate (P <0.01) The prevalence was rising year by year, and the incidence of non-local birth defects more than one year was higher than the local population. The incidence of male birth defects was higher than that of women (P <0.05). 2007 and 2008 The first three birth defects are consistent, respectively congenital heart disease, ear deformity, multiple fingers (toes), compared with the previous two years in 2009, G-6-PD lacks the second place, pigmented nevus The rate of increase was also more obvious. The prenatal diagnosis rates of birth defects from 2007 to 2009 were 18.81%, 16.31% and 11.07% respectively. The prenatal diagnosis rate showed a declining trend year by year. Conclusions: The tertiary prevention measures for strengthening birth defects are as follows: prenatal education on eugenics and prenatal education for women of childbearing age, strengthening of premarital medical examination, preconceptional care and early pregnancy care; prenatal examination and prenatal diagnosis during pregnancy; postpartum positive children Early diagnosis and timely treatment.