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从大珠三角的概念来看。加上香港和澳门,珠三角的经济实力现在仍然比长三角强,但是不可否认的是珠三角的发展后劲明显没有长三角强。这是中山大学城市与规划研究室主任、广东省人大常委阎小培接受采访时给今天的珠三角下的判断。她进一步剖析说,珠三角模式,曾让南部中国成为全国经济高速发展的领头羊,现在看来,再这样走下去不行了,必须二次创新。阎小培说,所谓的珠三角模式,也就是四个方面:一、地方各级政府不但有其自身的利益,也有自身的竞争压力,有自己独立的决策权;二、乡镇企业自下而上发展,是自主性很强、具有组织创新能力的产物;三、外向型经济以“三来一补”为主,带有试验性,具有相对独立的产权结构;四、市场的独特性,内外市场互动,这在计划经济下是一个创新。概括讲就是前店后厂的模式,这主要指的是珠江东岸,是以香港为指向的外向型经济。由此形成的经验有三条:1、制度创新。体现在更符合企业发展的权力分配上。任何一级政府都可以主导经济,市、区、村镇都可以作为主体发展经济,政企合一。2、超常规的发展道路。不是从农业逐渐发展过渡到工业化,而是一步到位。现在珠三角很多地方的GDP,农业所占比例已经是1%以下了。3、生产要素灵活运用。上世纪80年代,工人平均工资已经达到500元,直到现在仍然没有变化。土地零地价也是珠三角最早的创举。而现在,珠三角曾经拥有的种种优势正在迅速弱化。
From the concept of the Greater Pearl River Delta point of view. Coupled with Hong Kong and Macao, the economic strength of the PRD is still stronger than that of the Yangtze River Delta. However, it is undeniable that the development potential of the PRD is obviously not as strong as that of the Yangtze River Delta. This is the judgment of the PRD under the leadership of Yan Xiaopei, director of the Urban Planning and Research Office of Sun Yat-sen University and member of the Standing Committee of the Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress. She further analyzed that the Pearl River Delta model had once made southern China a leader in the rapid economic development of the country. Now it seems that if we proceed this way, we will have to make a second innovation. Yan Xiaopei said that the so-called Pearl River Delta model, which is the four aspects: First, local governments at all levels not only have their own interests, but also have their own competitive pressures, have their own independent decision-making power; Second, the development of township enterprises from bottom to top , Is a product of strong autonomy and organizational innovation capability. Thirdly, the export-oriented economy is dominated by “three supplements and one subsidy ”, with experimental and relatively independent property rights structure. IV. The uniqueness of the market, Internal and external market interaction, which is an innovation in the planned economy. In a nutshell, it is the model of the former shop and the factory, which mainly refers to the east coast of the Pearl River. It is an outward-oriented economy based on Hong Kong. The resulting experience has three: 1, system innovation. Reflected in the distribution of power more in line with the development of enterprises. Any level of government can dominate the economy. Cities, districts, towns and villages can all develop economy and combine government with enterprises. 2, unconventional development path. Instead of gradual transition from agriculture to industrialization, one step is taken. In many parts of the PRD now, the share of agriculture in GDP is already below 1%. 3, flexible use of factors of production. In the 1980s, the average wage of workers has reached 500 yuan, and it has not changed until now. Land zero price is also the Pearl River Delta earliest initiative. Now, the advantages the PRD once had are rapidly weakening.