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通过长期定位试验,于2009至2010年在苏南地区稻麦轮作体系下,研究以菜粕堆肥、猪粪堆肥和中药渣堆肥为原料的有机无机复混肥及无机肥对水稻和小麦产量、不同时期功能叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值)和氮素利用率的影响。结果表明:各施肥处理的水稻和小麦产量均显著高于不施氮肥处理,其中以菜粕堆肥、猪粪堆肥和中药渣堆肥为原料的有机无机复混肥处理的水稻产量分别比无机肥处理的水稻产量增加9.5%、16.2%和17.4%;3种有机无机复混肥处理的小麦产量显著高于无机肥处理(4 146.1 kg.hm-2),增产率为16.2%～20.3%。在水稻季和小麦季,3种有机无机复混肥处理的不同时期功能叶SPAD值及氮素利用率均不同程度高于无机肥处理或与无机肥处理持平。以中药渣堆肥为原料的有机无机复混肥处理,在稻麦轮作体系下能够获得比单施无机肥处理更高的小麦和水稻产量、功能叶SPAD值及氮素利用率。
Through long-term experiment, from 2009 to 2010, under the system of rice and wheat rotation in southern Jiangsu, the effects of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer with rapeseed compost, pig manure composting and traditional Chinese medicine composting as raw materials on rice and wheat yield, Effect of Chlorophyll Content (SPAD Value) and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Functional Leaf in Different Periods. The results showed that the yield of rice and wheat in all fertilization treatments were significantly higher than those of non-fertilizer treatment. The yield of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with rapeseed compost, pig manure compost and Chinese medicinal residue compost as raw materials were respectively higher than that of inorganic fertilizer treatment The yields of paddy rice increased by 9.5%, 16.2% and 17.4% respectively. The yield of three kinds of organic and inorganic compound fertilizers was significantly higher than that of inorganic fertilizers (4 146.1 kg.hm-2), and the yield was 16.2% -20.3%. In the rice and wheat seasons, SPAD value and nitrogen utilization rate of functional leaves in different periods of three organic-inorganic compound fertilizers were all higher than those of inorganic fertilizers or inorganic fertilizers. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with Chinese traditional medicine residue compost as raw material can achieve higher yield of wheat and rice, SPAD value and nitrogen utilization rate of functional leaves under the system of rice and wheat rotation than the single application of inorganic fertilizer.