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介绍了钴镍冶金的现状和发展方向,论述了钴镍萃取与分离工艺的特点和优势,指出了当前在钴镍萃取与分离方面存在的问题,说明了钴镍萃取反应过程中萃合物空间配位结构研究的必要性;总结了钴镍的物理化学性质、配位数和空间配位结构,讨论了不同配体对钴镍配合物的空间构型的影响,并运用配位场理论,分别从晶体场配位理论和价键理论两个方面分析了不同萃取体系下钴镍配合物的空间构型存在差异的原因;综述了单一萃取体系和协同萃取体系下钴镍的配位数和空间配位结构及其研究方法的国内外最新进展,并利用配位场理论解释了不同萃取体系下钴镍萃合物的差异;指出了当前在钴镍萃合物的配位结构研究方面存在的不足,展望了未来钴镍萃合物结构研究的潜在方法和发展方向,为钴镍萃取工艺实践提供了理论指导。
The current situation and development direction of cobalt-nickel metallurgy are introduced. The characteristics and advantages of cobalt-nickel extraction and separation process are discussed. The current problems in cobalt-nickel extraction and separation are pointed out. The necessity of coordinative structure research; the physicochemical properties, coordination number and coordination structure of cobalt-nickel have been summarized, and the influence of different ligands on the spatial configuration of cobalt-nickel complexes has been discussed. Using the ligand field theory, The reasons for the differences in the spatial configuration of the cobalt-nickel complexes under different extraction systems were analyzed respectively from the crystal field coordination theory and the valence bond theory. The coordination numbers of cobalt and nickel under the single extraction system and the synergistic extraction system were summarized Space coordination structure and its recent research progress at home and abroad, and the use of ligand field theory to explain the different cobalt-nickel extraction under the extraction system differences; pointed out that the current cobalt-nickel complex coordination structure exists The potential methods and development direction of the structure research of cobalt-nickel complex are prospected, which provides theoretical guidance for the practice of cobalt-nickel extraction process.